Arles, the Camargue and the Crau tours

1. The Camargue around Les Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer
2. Parks and Ranches of the Camargue
3. Discreet Camargue
4. La Crau via the Alpilles

La Crau

A second remarkable feature of the Arles sector is la Crau , arid steppe land rich in fauna and flora (sandgrouse). In this dry area unique in France, prairie land has been created by a system of irrigation canals. Discover the steppe as an ecosystem: see also the Musée de Salon and of la Crau, and the ecomuseum at Saint-Martin de Crau ; Sheep farming: The Merle sheep farming training centre, which promotes the Arles Merino breed ; hay cultivation: the Crau hay won the first AOC for a forage plant and is supplied to stud farms all over France. Irrigation: the canal system designed by Adam de Craponne during the 16th century is a network of waterways which has allowed the development of local agriculture (canal de Craponne, canal de Boisgelin) and a whole network between Salon and Arles ; see also the museum of Salon and of la Crau.

The Countryside around Arles

The Camargue is a unique land, a wilderness where birds (Etang de Vaccarès), bulls and horses cohabit (feast days and riding, ranchers and ranches). Rice is also cultivated here (AOC). It is an important stop-off point in Europe for migrating birds (December wintering) and there are many parks and reserves. In this imposing space there are a host of museums and initiation centres to welcome visitors, adults and children alike. Bull festivities punctuate the seasons. The Camargue National Reserve of the Etang de Vaccarès proposes exhibitions and discovery trails at la Capelière . The Camargue Natural Regional Park,as well as its mission to protect the environment, possesses an information and exhibition centre at Ginès. The Musée Camarguais can be visited at the Mas du Pont de Rousty: history and discovery trail on a traditional farm. See also the château d’Avignon (grand 19th century property of an enlightened bourgeois). The Domaine de la Palissade, the property of the coastal and lakeside conservancy, puts on guided tours of the flora and fauna for groups or individuals. See also exhibitions on the natural environment. The Pont-de-Gau bird sanctuary is a health centre for birds: see also on-site exhibitions and wildlife trails. The Association la Sigoulette offers educational activities – discovery and understanding of the area. This ‘house of nature’ accommodates children, teenagers and adults full board. To the east of the Rhône the Marais du Vigueirat, is placed under the watchful eye of the coastal and lakeside conservancy: observation of the environment (sansouire salt steppe) and theme circuits for children. The Saintes-Maries de la mer along with Salin de Giraud, lies at the gates to the Camargue. This is the Camargue of long beaches, boat trips or kayaking on the Petit Rhône and the canals. Don’t miss the 12th century fortified church and the gypsy pilgrimage in May. There is access to the sea wall to the east of Salin de Giraud, Visit the salt marshes and dunes at the salt works. Not far from there, Port-St-Louis-du- Rhône has a fortified tower and long deserted sandy beaches. Boat trips out to sea.

Close to Arles

Why not take a boat trip on the Rhône? The river flows through the town itself. Van Gogh’s bridge, on the road to Port Saint-Louis, is accessible by car. It is one of the painter’s most well known subjects. See also the Espace Van Gogh in Arles. A short distance away, the Abbey of Montmajour rises above the marshland drained by the monks. The 11th century monastery is testimony to the monastic grandeur of the Middle Ages. Visit the hermitage, the cloisters and the chapel - bathe in the magic of the setting. Arles is the gate to the vast Camargue (see the Camargue).

Van Gogh - the Provençal Dutchman

Vincent Van Gogh was a mystic. Having lived among the Dutch miners, he left for Paris before subsequently setting up home in Arles in Provence where his search for God and the ideal became confused with his artistic quest. His companion Gauguin, having painted Les Alyscamps, left for distant lands. The two artists were completely taken up with their lives and their art. Only Cézanne, native of the town, stayed in Aix. What remains of Van Gogh in Arles and Saint Rémy where he painted most of his masterpieces? His paintings, which are today worth astronomical sums, travel the world from one collector to another, now part of the heritage of mankind. Vincent Van Gogh was a link between Provence and the rest of the world.

Arles

Overview and Climate
Arles has a population of 50,513 and is constructed on a plain close to the Rhône Delta. Summers are hot, winters are sunny and cool. The mistral can blow at any time of the year.

History
The regionalist writer Frédéric mistral left his mark here, as well as in Saint- Rémy and Maillane (see the Alpilles). The Museon Arlaten is his ethnographic legacy, funded by the money from his Nobel Prize. Van Gogh and Gauguin both lived and worked in Arles. Famous Figures of the Past This grand ancient town was built on the intersection of the routes linking Rome, Spain, and northern Europe: Via Aurelia, Via Agrippa and Via Regordane. The city prospered until the 16th century when activity slowed. In the 20th century it came alive again thanks to agriculture, tourism and culture.

Notable Heritage
The ancient and Roman town is on the UNESCO World Heritage list for its outstanding interest: amphitheatre, classical theatre, underground gallery (forum), Saint- Trophime cloisters and doorway. There are Roman remains all over the town. Two outstanding examples of church architecture are the Christian necropolis, Les Alyscamps, painted by Gauguin, and the Romanesque church and cloisters of Saint-Trophime. The town centre is rich in Renaissance civil architecture, examples of which are the many mansions.

General Atmosphere
Ancient town, Christian and Renaissance, secret yet open, quiet yet festive, Arles alternates - distinction rubs shoulders with simplicity. Deep down, Arles possesses an archaic character shaped of wild nature and antique solemnity. It is delightful to wander anywhere in the town. This very ancient town, marked by its Roman heritage and 16th centur y architecture, displays a pronounced taste for g rand festivity and feasts and festivals regularly punctuate the social life.

Famous Figures of the Past
The regionalist writer Frédéric mistral left his mark here, as well as in Saint- Rémy and Maillane (see the Alpilles). The Museon Arlaten is his ethnographic legacy, funded by the money from his Nobel Prize. Van Gogh and Gauguin both lived and worked in Arles.

Museums
For Rhoneside Antiquity, visit the Musée de l’Arles Antique, which possesses interesting sculptures and splendid stone sarcophaguses. For customs, the Museon Arlaten keeps alive the memory of both the true and mythical past. See also the Musée Réattu and the town in general. Arles is a veritable open-air museum.

Local Products
Rice, bull meat, saucisson and salt are the products of this wilderness of the Rhône Delta.

Arles, the Camargue and La Crau

Overview
This is waterland - river, marshes and the sea. Located to the west of the Bouches-du-Rhône, the Arles sector lies just above the Rhône delta and the ancient alluvial plains on the edge of the Mediterranean. It is a wild land where the sea, river and lakes are intimately mingled and wild life is very present: birds, bulls, horses, sheeps, etc. The ancient town of Arles, on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, is a bastion of Provençal and Camargue customs.

Climate
It is warm and sunny all year round, with days of strong mistral. In the Camargue, the fauna is untamed - mosquitoes are an integral part of the community and must not be underestimated (creams and repellents).

Access
Easy access by motorway from the Rhône Valley, Spain and Italy, TGV station in Avignon, Nîmes-Arles-Camargue and Marseille-Provence Airports.

The heart of the Alpilles

from Les Baux to Eygalières. (day trip)

From Saint Rémy, head to Les Baux-de- Provence. The tour of the site requires at least half a day: Renaissance urban ensemble, château and citadel, museum, Cathedral of Images. On site: gourmet Provençal restaurants and wine. Bauxite, from which aluminium is made, was discovered in Les Baux in 1822. After this high altitude mineral tour purified by the mistral, go down to the Valley of Les Baux towards Maussane and either directly or via Mouriès, cross the Alpilles to Eygalières, a pretty village between the mountain and the plain. Just outside the village, visit the remarkable Chapel of Saint-Sixte and its cypress trees, and the alchemist’s garden at the Mas de la Brune (high standard hotellery). Return to Saint-Rémy.

Saint-Rémy and the Alpilles tours

1. The heart of the Alpilles - from Les Baux to Eygalières.
2. Tour of the Alpilles.
3. Towards the Montagnette.
4. Towards the Rhône.

The Countryside around Saint Rémy

A small sheltered mountain range above the plain, the Alpilles form a dry microcosm, a harbour for Mediterranean flora and fauna (birds of prey). There is a risk of fire so please be cautious. The summit is the Tour des Aupiès (493m).

To the North
Maillane: the home of Frédéric Mistral, Nobel prizewinner for literature, founder of the movement for the preservation of Provençal customs and language during the 19th century (le félibrige). Don’t miss the Museon Mistral in the writer’s house. In Graveson: Musée des Arômes et du Parfum (Museum of aromas and perfume) and museum of paintings by the Fauvist Auguste Chabaud. In Barbentane: 16th and 18th century château and oil mills. La Montagnette: on a little mountain stands the Saint-Michel de Frigolet Abbey, which Daudet made famous with his “Elixir du Révérend Père Gaucher” and the village of Boulbon (Romanesque chapels). In Châteaurenard, two tall towers remain of the medieval castle from which there is a marvellous view of the Montagnette, the Alpilles and the Mont Ventoux. Tarascon: on the Roman road Domitia on the banks of the Rhône, across the river from Beaucaire (important market in medieval times). King René’s feudal castle is beautifully preserved. The pedestrianised old town centre makes agreeable walking (arcades, stone buildings, etc.). Famous Provençal fabric factory with museum (Souleiado). The Feast of the Tarasque at the end of June celebrates ancient legends. Boat trips on the Rhône. Between Tarascon and Saint-Etiennedu- Grès: magnificent Romanesque Church of Saint-Gabriel, Provençal fabric factory (Les Olivades), and fruit and vegetable market.

The centre
From the heart of the Alpilles rises the Citadel of Les Baux, a fortified village remarkable for its site and its architecture dating from the Middle Ages to the 16th century. The Cathedral of Images puts on son et lumière shows in the old stone quarries. The hotellery is renowned throughout the Alpilles (gourmet cuisine and luxury accommodation) as well as the Santon Museum and AOC wines.

To the South of the Alpilles
The whole of the south face of the range is dotted with typically Provençal villages. In Fontvieille, Maussane and Mouriès, villages of the Valley of Les Baux, visit Alphonse Daudet’s Mill and the Fontvieille stone, taste the olive oil from Mouriès (AOC), visit the Roman aqueduct and mill at Barbegal (see also the Musée de l’Arles antique), watch the bull running in the village bull ring, or enjoy a Provençal Christmas. By car, or bike for the fitter types, tour the Alpilles via Aureille, Eyguières (Château de Roquemartine, Castellas de la Reine Jeanne, Museum, Midnight Mass, and Aerodrome) and Le Destet: landscape of olive groves. Visit the Chapel of Saint- Sixte in the beautiful village of Eygalières and the medieval alchemist’s garden at the Mas de la Brune (high quality hotellery).

Saint-Rémy-de-Provence

Overview and climate
Built on an irrigated plain at the foot of the Alpilles mountain range, Saint-Rémy has a population of 9,806. The summers are hot and the winters sunny. The irrigated cultivated land to the north brings the shade and humidity the people of Provence love so much. The dry climate of the Mediterranean is typical almost throughout the Alpilles.

History and Notable Heritage
The original site of the town was the Greco-Roman “Glanum”, of which there are some remarkable remains: triumphal arch, mausoleum, and excavations. The modern town is a group of stone houses built from the Middle Ages to the present day. The 16th and 17th century urban residential area is particularly interesting. Outside the town, the monastery of Saint- Paul de Mausole is worth a visit: it was in this Romanesque building, reshaped up until the 18th century, that the painter Van Gogh was incarcerated.

Famous Figures of the Past
Nostradamus was born in Saint-Rémy, where he lived until moving to Salon. Frédéric Mistral (see Maillane) frequented the town. Van Gogh found all the inspiration for his creative genius in the force of the light here.

Museums
At Saint-Paul de Mausole, the presence of Van Gogh with his quest and doubt can still be felt. The rural museum of the Mas de la Pyramide exhibits 3 centuries of country life and tools. The fragrances and perfumes of the Espace Muséographic and the Musée des Alpilles introduce the visitor to life in the hills (garrigue) and invite us to discover the Mediterranean flora. The Renaissance Hôtel de Sade presents objects taken from the archaeological site at Glanum. Monumental works by the artist at the Fondation Prassinos.

General Atmosphere
Saint-Rémy is a chic little town in a rural milieu, its shops and houses attract a population of artists and people who appreciate inland Provence where one takes life at any easy pace. Saint-Rémy is close to Avignon and its festivals and heritage, as well as Arles and its ferias. This town, remarkable for its Roman remains and 16th century architecture is a perfect symbol of inland Provence - proud and discreet.

Local Products
In an area rich in alluvial deposits and agricultural knowhow, fruits and vegetables are the basis of the flavourful cuisine. Visit the market for fresh products and the fruit confectioneries in the town.

Fitness
At the gates to the town, the Alpilles offer all the space hikers and tourists could desire. It is very hot during the summer.

Saint-Rémy and the Alpilles

Overview
Along with the Aix and Salon area, this is the second inland region, located in the north-west of the Bouches-du-Rhône, to the south of Avignon and the Durance River and to the East of the Rhône. The countryside is made up of small mountains and valleys. The Alpilles mountain range crosses it from east to west. This is traditional hinterland, the home of regionalist writers Alphonse Daudet and Frédéric Mistral. The little town of Saint-Rémy welcomed the artist Vincent Van Gogh who realised his greatest paintings here (sunflowers and cypress trees). The villages thrive on agriculture.

Climate
Hot in summer and sunny in winter. The north wind blows from time to time, cool in summer, cold in winter, mild in mid season (mistral).

Access
Good access by road from the Rhône Valley, Italy or Spain. TGV station in Avignon, Nîmes-Arles-Camargue airport nearby.

Towards the Alpilles and La Crau

(1/2 day trip)

Following the signs to Eyguières, head for the Alpilles. The road crosses the Boisgelin and Craponne canals. Suggested visit en route: Lamanon for its cave dwellings (Calès) and remarkable three-hundred-year old plane tree. Eyguières: old village, museum and fountains. Now head for Mouriès via the hillside village of Aureille. In Mouriès: visit the village and sample the Valley of Les Baux olive oil. Then visit the steppe region of Saint Martin de Crau: ecomuseum in la Crau and Peau de Meau Nature Reserve. Return to Salon.

From Temple to Zoo

(day trip)

From Salon, take the road towards Aurons and head for Vernègues: old village. Make for the ancient temple of Château Bas: temple and winery. Next visit La Barben on the way to Pélissanne. In La Barben, visit the medieval château and the zoo (picnic) then return to Salon. (For children).

La Trévaresse

Hills and Romanesque Abbey (day trip)

This excursion can be started from either Salon or Aix. From Aix, take the road to Rognes via the Puyricard Plateau. Alternative route via La Cride and Château la Coste. In Rognes: old village in local stone, churches (baroque reredos), wine and truffle fairs. From Rognes head for La Roque d’Anthéron and visit the beautiful Silvacane Abbey by the Durance River (Romanesque Cistercian). In La Roque d’Anthéron: International Piano Festival in the grounds of the Château de Florans, the village and museum. Next, take the steep winding road to Lambesc. Stop off on the way to visit the Romanesque Chapel of Saint Anne and the cave dwellings. In Lambesc visit the village and the church and return to Aix either through the vineyards of Rognes or via the little Route d’Eguilles.

North Sainte-Victoire

Mountain and Forest (day trip)

Take the road to Vauvenargues via the Bimont dam, built by Emile Zola’s father. From Vauvenargues (village and Picasso’s château), climb to the Croix de Provence. At the village exit, take the road to Jouques: La Sinne natural site, excursion. Go through the Col du Sambuc pass and head towards Jouques: old village, Vignelaure wines and Pigoudet Château nearby. Next, take direction Peyrolles: Plantain Lake, Woodland Discovery Centre. Head for Meyrargues with its château- hotel and Roman aqueduct then just before you reach Aix, Les Pinchinats and its remarkable 17th century mansions.

South Sainte-Victoire

hills and hillside villages (day trip)

Start the Sainte-Victoire tour and after Saint-Antonin turn right towards Rousset then head for Puyloubier and Trets through the hills of the Arc Valley. Next, take the road to Peynier and go to Fuveau via Les Michels: lovely views of the Sainte-Victoire. From here, it is possible to go back to Aix through Beaurecueil and Le Tholonet, or return on the higher road through Saint-Savournin and Mimet: villages and lovely view. Return to Aix via Bouc-Bel- Air and the Albertas Gardens.

The Sainte-Victoire Tour

Complete tour - allow at least one day. Each ascent requires a half-day except the Pic des Mouches (2-3 hours return trip).

The Sainte-Victoire tour can be done in either direction. It is usually started from the Route Cézanne which leads to Le Tholonet. This beautiful route goes from Aix to the mountain via Cézanne’s Château Noir. In Le Tholonet: château, beautiful Plane tree avenue, and Roman dam (excursion on foot). Now head for Saint-Antonin via Roques Hautes (nature reserve, arboretum). Departure point from Le Bouquet for the climb to the Croix de Provence via the red trail. In Saint-Antonin: panoramic view, Maison de Sainte Victoire, departure point for excursions. Now drive along the south face of the mountain towards Puyloubier. Excursions to the hermitage from Saint-Ser. From the village, head for Pourrières then take the road to Rians through the oak-forest. Turn left to Vauvenargues before you reach Rians. On the way there: woodlands, natural site, ascent to the Pic des Mouches from the Col des Portes pass (2-3 hours return trip, panoramic view). In Vauvenargues visit the village, Picasso’s château, or climb to the Croix de Provence via the hiking trail. Return to Aix via the Bimont dam (follow the blue way-markers for a tour of the dams) and Bibemus (Cézanne’s cottage, panoramic views).

Aix and Salon-de-Provence tours

1. The Sainte-Victoire Tour

2. South Sainte-Victoire - hills and hillside villages

3. North Sainte-Victoire - Mountain and Forest

4. La Trévaresse - Hills and Romanesque Abbey

5. From Temple to Zoo

6. Towards the Alpilles and La Crau

The Terrible and Refreshing Mistral

“The Mistral drives us crazy!” With this sense of proportion that characterises the people of Provence, they love to complain about the excesses of the terrible north wind. Of course cold winds rarely have a good reputation anywhere, but this wind that is so dreaded that the farms are built with their backs to it, brings nothing but good. First of all, it guarantees good weather because when it gets up, the clouds are swept from the sky so that at the end of a day of Mistral the olive trees in the countryside and the church facades in the towns are resplendent - bathed in the clear light so loved by Van Gogh. The wind also chases away pollution, fumes, and disease. When it blows, there are no insects left on the plants and no mosquitoes on the beaches! Lastly, the mistral constitutes a game. Will it blow for 3, 6 or 9 days? The mistral is the soul of this country, but it is true that it drives us crazy!

The Countryside around Salon-de-Provence

From the town Many Excursions. Salon de Provence is located in the centre of the Bouches-du- Rhône. It is an ideal location from which to visit other areas: the Alpilles, Arles, the Côte Bleue and Aix-en-Provence.

To the East
Take the road towards Aurons, Alleins and Vernègues: old village, Roman temple and wines at Château Bas. From Pélissanne, a village laid out in the shape of a helix, head for La Barben: feudal castle and a zoo for children. A little further away, visit Rognes for its stone quarries, wine and truffle festivals, Lambesc for its church architecture and Saint Cannat and the automaton village for children.

To the South
Head for Calissanne and La Fare (wine and olive oil), then visit the hillside village of Cornillon- Confoux.

To the North
Take the road to the Alpilles (see Alpilles Sector) and visit Lamanon: cave dwellings, “Grottes de Calès” and remarkable three hundredyear- old plane tree.

To the West
The plain of La Crau is nearby (see Arles, the Camargue and La Crau Sector).

Michel de Nostredame, alias Nostradamus

What an astonishing man Michel de Nostredame was. Known as Nostradamus by the students at the faculty of medicine of Montpellier, he was not only an astrologer but firstly a scientist who studied at this prestigious university during the 16th century and frequented the great humanist François Rabelais, who was also a Hellenic scholar and a doctor. He made his name as a scientist through his methods of combating the plague and his treaty on the preservation of jams. Did he not decipher the secret of Egyptian hieroglyphics before Champollion? He was also a poet and astrologer. And it is in fact his work of prediction in verse, “Centuries”, for which he is remembered nowadays. Is predicting the future not the dream of every scientist today? Nostradamus would surely have enjoyed life today. He would have been interested in astronomy, meteorology, and perhaps even the preservation of jams…

Salon-de-Provence

Overview and Climate
Salon has a population of 37,129 and is located on the plain of La Crau. The summer heat here is relieved by the mistral wind and the winters are sunny, sometimes windy.

History and notable heritage
An impressive architectural group dominates the town: the Château de l’Empéri, begun in the 9th century but built mostly during 13th, 15th and 17th centuries, and the old fortified town. The citadel dominates the surrounding countryside with the pedestrianised old town, the church of Saint-Michel and the clock tower at its feet and set a little apart, the lovely medieval church of Saint- Laurent. The military area, located on the edge of town, centres on the air base and school (home of the French formation fliers).

Famous Figures of the Past
Originally from Saint Rémy, Nostradamus made his home here. This astrologer, author of the 16th century “Centuries”, today still holds a fascination for many people. Was he a scientist, a poet or an impostor? Opinions differ. Adam de Craponne, who lived at the same period, was an ambitious engineer who designed the system of irrigation channels that rendered the area fertile.

General Atmosphere
Salon was originally a little bourgeois town. The presence of the air base brings a more urban and cosmopolitan aspect. The Middle Ages and the 19th century have left their mark on this agreeable small town. Wander along the Cours Gimon and relax on the terrace of one of the cafés close the mossy fountain.

Museums
The military museum of the Château de l’Empéri and the Musée Grevin de Provence are of interest to both adults and children. The Nostradamus Museum, in the house of the wise man himself, attracts lovers of esotericism and enigmatic prophecies. Catherine de Medici came here to consult him. The Musée de Salon et de la Crau records the world of traditions and the techniques of the old commercial and industrial town during the time of the soap makers. Don’t miss the exhibition of olive oil production.

The Countryside around Aix

To the East
The Sainte-Victoire tour (60kms) is an introduction to the Mountain: an arid area with opportunities for hiking, climbing, paragliding, kite flying, picnics, etc. Welcome and introduction to the site (children) at the Maison de Sainte- Victoire in Saint- Antonin. Don’t miss the dinosaur site (see the Museum of Natural History, Aix) and traces of the painters Cézanne and Picasso (the Château de Vauvenargues was his last home). The woodlands, natural protected sites and open to hikers and children (closed during the summer). The summit of the Pic des Mouches is easily reached via the Col des Portes pass. One may also venture along the Wine route of the Vallée de l’Arc through Puyloubier, Rousset, Peynier and Palette.

To the North
Via Vauvenargues, pass through the forests of Jouques, Meyrargues and Peyrolles (Lac de Plaintain and permanent Provençal woodlands discovery centre for children), then cross the Trévaresse Range towards Le Puy-Sainte-Réparade (Château Lacoste wines). Continue on to the Romanesque Abbey of Silvacane and the village of La Roque d’Anthéron, which hosts an International Piano Festival in July and August.

To the South and West
Take the hillside village route: Fuveau, Saint-Savournin and Mimet offer beautiful views of the Sainte-Victoire Mountain. Gardanne is notable for its industrial activity (coal and aluminium) and its popular markets (nature workshops at the Fondation pour la Forêt, a woodland ecomuseum for children and adults). Further on, visit Bouc-Bel-Air and the 18th century Albertas gardens, Cabriès (Edgar Mélik museum in the château), Plan-de-Campagne for water sports and aquarium for children, the stone houses of Ventabren, the village of Eguilles, etc...

Close to Aix-en-Provence

The countryside of Aix-en-Provence is famous for its country houses and landscapes and is usually explored by car: The Celto-Ligurian settlement of Entremont, an archaeological site, is testimony to the history of the Salyens, its first inhabitants. The Route du Tholonet or the Route Cézanne leads to the Sainte-Victoire Mountain through beautiful countryside. The 17th and 18th century houses scattered across the landscape truly represent the art of living: stone architecture, gardens and sculptures display great distinction and from Aix, in every direction - the countryside and villages are waiting to be explored…

Aix Sector

Museums
The Musée du Vieil Aix, the Tapestry Museum relate some of the moments of the local past. The Granet Museum has been renovated and its collections extended. Now it is opening to the public again in majestic manner in order to honour of Cézanne. The Museum of Natural History tells of the dinosaur eggs found outside Aix. The Pavillon de Vendôme tells us love stories of the 17th century. The Atelier Paul Cézanne is enjoyed by admirers of one of the most important painters in the history of art, with souvenirs of the artist in the Maison des Lauves where he finished his canvasses. Monumental works by the painter and graphic artist Vasarely are exhibited in the Fondation on the edge of the city.

Fitness
Aix is a spa town with water cures available at the Sextius baths. The spa, in the old town centre, still offers thermal cures in the waters discovered by the Romans.

Local Products
Calissons d’Aix, made from almond paste and crystallised fruits, have been the speciality of the town since the 17th century and should not be missed. Other pleasures of the palate include olive oil, hand-made chocolates from Puyricard (shop) (among which the fig and Provençal marc brandy flavoured “Clou de Cézanne”) and “pompes à l’huile” (type of brioche). The many lively and colourful markets present the products of the surrounding area.

Aix-en-Provence

Overview and Climate
Aix-en-Provence has a population of 134,222 and is built on a plain at the foot of the Puyricard Plateau and the Sainte-Victoire Mountain. The summers are hot, winters cool and sunny, mid-season is mild. The area has several microclimates, some windy some more sheltered, some more humid.

History
Originally founded on the slopes above the plain (Entremont Settlement), the present site of Aix bears a Roman name, Aquae Sextiae. The hot water springs have been known since the first century BC. In the 15th century, the university was expanded and in the 17th and 18th centuries the town became a model of architecture (Mazarin Quarter).

Notable Heritage
In the old medieval town visit the Saint Sauveur Cathedral and its neighbourhood, the area around the city hall. The 17th and 18th century quarter is well worth a visit for the architecture in general: the Quartier Mazarin and the area around the bishop’s palace where the music festival is held, the Pavillon de Vendôme, Place d’Albertas, the private mansions, the Cours Mirabeau and the fountains. It is extremely pleasant to wander in any part of the old town.

General Atmosphere
The town is known for its distinguished and aristocratic charm. The inhabitants boast of an easy way of life. Festival town, visual town, it draws students and chic visitors. 17th century classicism and fine 18th century buildings are very prominent in the old town, which conceals a multitude of handsome town mansions, and where one may wander casually in an architectural environment reminiscent of theatrical decor.

Famous Figures of the Past
A town is as remarkable for its people as for its architecture. Mirabeau was one of the major players in the French Revolution. Paul Cézanne founded modern art analysing the light of the Sainte-Victoire Mountain. His friend Emile Zola lived here before becoming a novelist and taking up the cause of Dreyfus and in the 20th century Darius Milhaud followed in the footsteps of the 17th century composer André Campra (see “Route Cézanne and Promenade Zola” tours).

Aix and Salon-de-Provence

Overview
This sector, along with the Alpilles, is one of the inlandregions of Provence. To the north, the Durance River andthe Luberon Natural Park form a natural border. This is an area of alternating hills and plains, favourable toagriculture and urban life. Two towns have developedhere: Aix-en-Provence and Salon-de Provence. Emergingfrom the landscape to the west and seen from manymiles around is the great sentinel of the Sainte-VictoireMountain (1,011m) - known all over the world throughthe paintings of Cézanne. The City of Aix-en-Provence,which lies at the foot of the mountain, was once the capitalof Provence and attracts many visitors.

Climate
The climate is rather variable according to the area.This region in fact has several microclimates. Overall,the summers are hot, the winters sunny and mid-seasonsmild and ideal of travelling. Winters are colder awayfrom the coast in the north of the département.

Access
All modes of transport: Marseille-Provence Airport,Marseille Sea Port, railway lines (TGV station close to Aixin 2001), and major routes to Italy, Spain and the northof France (A7, A8). The area of Aix is ideally located fromthe point of view of natural environment andcommunications network.